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Ancient Greek and Roman period

Plato

The Republic

In the dialogue, Socrates talks with various Athenians and foreigners about the meaning of justice and whether the just man is happier than the unjust man. They consider the natures of existing regimes and then propose a series of different, hypothetical cities in comparison, culminating in Kallipolis (Καλλίπολις), a utopian city-state ruled by a philosopher-king. They also discuss the theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the role of the philosopher and of poetry in society.The dialogue's setting seems to be during the Peloponnesian War.

Resource from  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_(Plato)

Aristotle

The Nicomachean Ethics

he Nicomachean Ethics (/ˌnɪkoʊˈmækiən/Ancient Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια, Ēthika Nikomacheia) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics. The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum. The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely). Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.

Resource from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomachean_Ethics

Cicero

Cato Maior De Senectute

Cato Maior de Senectute (Cato the Elder on Old Age) is an essay written by Cicero in 44 BC on the subject of aging and death. The Latin title of the piece is Cato Maior de Senectute. To lend his reflections greater import,[1] Cicero wrote his essay such that the esteemed Cato the Elder was lecturing to Scipio Africanus and Gaius Laelius Sapiens.

Resource from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato_Maior_de_Senectute

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